Eleutherococcus senticosus is one of the most widely researched of all the tonic herbs. Research conducted in the former Soviet Union and Asia, since the 1950's, has firmly established its tonic effects on tens of thousands of human subjects. It is the primary botanical adaptogen used to enhance the body's ability to adapt to physical and psychological stresses and changes. Planetary Formulas Eleuthero Fluid Extract is guaranteed to provide the valuable eleutherosides that make this botanical such a potent adaptogen. Caution: Eleutherococcus senticosus is one of the most commonly adulterated botanicals in the American and Asian market. The adulterant, Periploca sepium, has been known to cause toxicity in developing fetuses. Be sure of your supplies when ordering Eleutherococcus senticosus. Planetary Formulas Eleuthero Fluid Extract is guaranteed to contain the eleutherosides that are characteristic of true Eleutherococcus senticosus.